| STATEMENT
- 5 |
|
| COMPARATIVE
SPEAKERS' STRENGTH OF SCHEDULED LANGUAGES -1971, 1981, 1991 AND 2001 |
|
|
Persons who returned the language as their
mother tongue |
| Percentage to total population |
|
|
| 1971 |
1981 |
1991 |
2001 |
1971 |
1981 1 |
1991 3 |
2001 4 |
|
| 1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
9 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| INDIA |
548,159,652 |
665,287,849 |
838,583,988 |
1,028,610,328 |
97.14 |
89.23 |
97.05 |
96.56 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 1 Hindi |
202,767,971 |
257,749,009 |
329,518,087 |
422,048,642 |
36.99 |
38.74 |
39.29 |
41.03 |
|
| 2 Bengali |
44,792,312 |
51,298,319 |
69,595,738 |
83,369,769 |
8.17 |
7.71 |
8.30 |
8.11 |
|
| 3 Telugu |
44,756,923 |
50,624,611 |
66,017,615 |
74,002,856 |
8.16 |
7.61 |
7.87 |
7.19 |
|
| 4 Marathi |
41,765,190 |
49,452,922 |
62,481,681 |
71,936,894 |
7.62 |
7.43 |
7.45 |
6.99 |
|
| 5 Tamil 2 |
37,690,106 |
** |
53,006,368 |
60,793,814 |
6.88 |
** |
6.32 |
5.91 |
|
| 6 Urdu |
28,620,895 |
34,941,435 |
43,406,932 |
51,536,111 |
5.22 |
5.25 |
5.18 |
5.01 |
|
| 7 Gujarati |
25,865,012 |
33,063,267 |
40,673,814 |
46,091,617 |
4.72 |
4.97 |
4.85 |
4.48 |
|
| 8 Kannada |
21,710,649 |
25,697,146 |
32,753,676 |
37,924,011 |
3.96 |
3.86 |
3.91 |
3.69 |
|
| 9 Malayalam |
21,938,760 |
25,700,705 |
30,377,176 |
33,066,392 |
4.00 |
3.86 |
3.62 |
3.21 |
|
| 10 Oriya |
19,863,198 |
23,021,528 |
28,061,313 |
33,017,446 |
3.62 |
3.46 |
3.35 |
3.21 |
|
| 11 Punjabi |
14,108,443 |
19,611,199 |
23,378,744 |
29,102,477 |
2.57 |
2.95 |
2.79 |
2.83 |
|
| 12 Assamese 2 |
8,959,558 |
** |
13,079,696 |
13,168,484 |
1.63 |
** |
1.56 |
1.28 |
|
| 13 Maithili
@ |
6,130,026 |
7,522,265 |
7,766,921 |
12,179,122 |
1.12 |
1.13 |
0.93 |
1.18 |
|
| 14 Santali |
3,786,899 |
4,332,511 |
5,216,325 |
6,469,600 |
0.69 |
0.65 |
0.62 |
0.63 |
|
| 15 Kashmiri |
2,495,487 |
3,176,975 |
# |
5,527,698 |
0.46 |
0.48 |
# |
0.54 |
|
| 16 Nepali |
1,419,835 |
1,360,636 |
2,076,645 |
2,871,749 |
0.26 |
0.20 |
0.25 |
0.28 |
|
| 17 Sindhi |
1,676,875 |
2,044,389 |
2,122,848 |
2,535,485 |
0.31 |
0.31 |
0.25 |
0.25 |
|
| 18 Konkani |
1,508,432 |
1,570,108 |
1,760,607 |
2,489,015 |
0.28 |
0.24 |
0.21 |
0.24 |
|
| 19 Dogri |
1,299,143 |
1,530,616 |
# |
2,282,589 |
0.24 |
0.23 |
# |
0.22 |
|
| 20 Manipuri
$ |
791,714 |
901,407 |
1,270,216 |
1,466,705 |
0.14 |
0.14 |
0.15 |
0.14 |
|
| 21 Bodo
2 |
556,576 |
** |
1,221,881 |
1,350,478 |
0.10 |
** |
0.15 |
0.13 |
|
| 22 Sanskrit |
2,212 |
6,106 |
49,736 |
14,135 |
N |
N |
0.01 |
N |
|
| Note: |
|
|
| 1 The percentage of
speakers of each language for 1981 has been worked out on the total
population of India excluding the
population of Assam where the 1981 Census was not conducted due to
disturbed conditions. |
|
|
|
| 2 Full figures for Tamil, Assamese and Bodo for 1981 are not
available as the census records for Tamil Nadu were lost due to floods and
the 1981 Census could not be conducted in Assam due to the disturbed
conditions then prevailing there. Therefore, percentage to total population
of Tamil and Assamese are not given. |
|
|
|
| 3 The percentage of
speakers of each Language for 1991 has been worked out on the total population of India excluding the population
of Jammu & Kashmir where the 1991 Census was not conducted due to
disturbed conditions. |
|
|
|
| 4 The percentage of
speakers of each language for '2001' has been worked out on the total
population of India excluding the population of Mao-Maram, Paomata and Purul
subdivisions of Senapati district of Manipur due to cancellation of census
results over there. |
|
|
|
| # Full figures for Kashmiri & Dogri language for 1991 are
not available as the 1991 Census was not conducted in Jammu & Kashmir due
to disturbed conditions. |
|
|
|
| $ Excludes figures of
Paomata, Mao-Maram and Purul sub-divisions of Senapati district of Manipur
for 2001. |
|
| N' - Stands for Negligible. |
|
|
| @
Maithili figure has been extracted from Hindi language from 1971 census to
1991 census since it was one of the mother tongues grouped under Hindi during the period. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|